監(jiān)利近800歲重陽木 用年輪刻錄歷史煙云

【資料圖】

A Nearly 800-Year-old Chinese Bishopwood Tree in Jianli Chronicles the Local History with its Annual Rings

極目新聞記者 黃志剛

翻譯：梅昌瑞、許娜、宋婷 （湖北大學(xué)）

Jimu News Reporter: Huang Zhigang

Translators: Mei Changrui, Xu Na, Song Ting (Hubei University)

“打起來/鬧起來/大家打起精神來/自從盤古開天地/一首田歌唱到今/輕輕打起龍鳳鼓/慢慢逍遙把歌輪……”

"Get up/ Be joyful/ Everyone, cheer up/ Since Pan Gu separated the Earth and the Sky/ A field song has been sung till now/ Beat the dragon and phoenix drums gently/ Sing songs slowly and freely……"

兩棵雌雄重陽木古樹分列河畔兩岸（極目新聞記者黃志剛攝）A female and a male Chinese bishopwood tree stand on the opposite banks of the river respectively.（Photographer: Jimu News Reporter Huang Zhigang）

冬日時(shí)節(jié)，荊州市監(jiān)利市柘木鄉(xiāng)賴橋村，午后暖陽灑向近800歲的重陽木樹枝，古樹下，賴曉平正帶領(lǐng)7名村婦演唱秧歌號子《啰啰咚》選段。高亢婉轉(zhuǎn)的勞動號子，在柘木長河兩岸傳開。聽聞歌聲，賴橋村的老少爺們紛紛圍攏在老樹下，不禁駐足喝彩。

Nestled in Laiqiao village, Zhemu town, Jianli county-level city, Jingzhou city, the nearly 800-year-old Chinese bishopwood tree, known in Chinese as "Chung Yeung Wood", whose scientific name is bischofia polycarpa (H.Lév.) airy shaw, is bathed in warm afternoon sunlight in the wintertime. Under the tree, Lai Xiaoping is leading seven village women in singing an excerpt from Luoluodong, a section of yangko haozi, a well-known rural folk dance and work song. The high-pitched and melodious work song transcends to both sides of the Zhemu River, and upon hearing it, the young and old of Laiqiao village gather under the ancient tree, and cannot help but stop to enjoy and applaud.

歷經(jīng)歲月更迭，生機(jī)勃勃的重陽木依舊與古老的《啰啰咚》曲調(diào)相依相伴，共同見證柘木人勞動耕作的場景，刻錄著鄉(xiāng)村的歷史煙云，唱響著美麗蛻變的鄉(xiāng)村未來。

Throughout years, the vibrant Chinese bishopwood trees have been and continue to be accompanied by the traditional Luoluodong tune, witnessing together the scenes of Zhemu people at work and the local history while singing about the future of the beautifully transformed countryside.

村民在重陽木古樹下載歌載舞（受訪者供圖）Villagers sing and dance under the ancient tree (Photo provided by interviewee)

雌雄重陽古木分列河畔兩岸

The Male and the Female Chinese Bishopwood Tree Standing on the 2 Banks

柘木鄉(xiāng)，一個(gè)因盛產(chǎn)柘木得名的古老鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)。它地處洞庭湖、洪湖、長江組成的三角洲中心，為古云夢澤腹地。柘木長河貫穿水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)，因河上的橋梁均用柘木建造，故稱“柘木橋”。

Zhemu Town is an ancient town, named after its abundance of Zhemu wood (scientific name: maclura tricuspidata). It is located in the center of the delta consisting of Dongting Lake, Honghu Lake and Yangtze River, the hinterland of Yunmengze (an ancient geographic concept). The Zhemu River runs through the ancient waterside towns, and the bridge over the river was formerly called "Zhemu Bridge" as it was entirely constructed of Zhemu wood.

時(shí)光荏苒，盡管柘木橋早已不見蹤跡，但柘木長河的潺潺流水依然日夜不息。在柘木鄉(xiāng)賴橋村的柘木長河兩岸，兩棵重陽木古樹屹立不倒，其中一棵樹齡達(dá)到790年。

Time has passed. Although the Zhemu bridge has long since disappeared, the gurgling water of the Zhemu River continues to run day and night. On the banks of the Zhemu River, Laiqiao Village, Zhemu Town, two ancient trees stand, one of which is 790 years old.

近日，極目新聞記者來到賴橋村，探訪這棵飽經(jīng)滄桑的古樹。站在重陽木樹下，盡管是隆冬，但古樹依然枝繁葉茂。

A Jimu News reporter recently visited the ancient trees in Laiqiao Village. Even in the depths of winter, standing beneath the trees, one could see that the ancient trees were still flourishing with strong branches and lush green leaves.

“小時(shí)候就這么大，老樹基本沒怎么長了?！苯衲?0歲的賴曉平從小就在重陽木古樹下玩耍，他對極目新聞記者說，眼前這棵刻錄賴橋村歷史煙云的古樹充滿無盡的歷史故事。

"The ancient trees have not grown much and are just as big as I remember seeing them as a child. " 60-Year-old Lai Xiaoping, told the reporter that the ancient trees in front of them, under which he played around frequently as a child, has countless historical tales of Laiqiao Village etched in its annual rings.

2020年，柘木鄉(xiāng)組織工作專班進(jìn)行摸排調(diào)查，共發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)存百年以上古樹50棵，主要有柘木、重陽、棠梨、枸骨等樹種。其中，200年以上樹齡的古樹6棵，500年至800年樹齡的古樹2棵，即分列于柘木長河兩岸的重陽木。

In 2020, the local government of Zhemu town organized researching and investigation teams, and found a total of 50 ancient trees of more than 100 years, mainly including Zhemu wood, Chinese bishopwood, birchleaf pear (scientific name: Pyrus betulifolia Bunge, also known as tang li in Chinese), and Chinese holly (scientific name: ilex cornuta). Among them were 6 ancient trees over 200 years old, 2 ancient trees of 500 and 800 years, namely, the Chinese bishopwood trees growing on both sides of the Zhemu River.

在賴橋村，不少人將河兩岸的兩棵雌雄重陽木稱之為“夫妻樹”，但查閱古樹的“身份證”信息得知，雌性重陽木，編號為42102300003，樹齡為790年，樹高19.5米；雄性重陽木，編號為42102300025，樹齡為500年，樹高15.8米，兩棵重陽木樹齡相差290歲。因此，將它們稱之為“母子樹”似乎更貼切。

In Laiqiao village, many people call the male and female trees on the banks of the river the "couple trees". But further investigation on their "real identities" reveals that the female tree, No. 42102300003, is 790 years old, and 19.5 meters tall, while the male one, No. 42102300025, is 500 years old and 15.8 meters tall, creating an age gap of 290 years. Therefore, it seems more appropriate to call them "mother and son".

賴曉平的農(nóng)家博物館緊鄰重陽木古樹Lai Xiaoping"s private museum in the rural area next to the ancient tree

賴曉平家門口那棵最大的重陽木是雌樹，樹干粗3.87米，直徑1.27米，“需要3個(gè)成人才能合抱圍一圈?！?/p>

The largest one in front of Lai Xiaoping"s home is a female tree with a trunk circumference of 3.87 meters and a diameter of 1.27 meters. "It takes three adults to embrace it as a close loop," he said.

據(jù)悉，重陽木是水陸兩棲樹種，素有“千年柘木，萬年重陽”的說法。1985年，在賴橋村河床下6米處，發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量重陽樹陰沉木。當(dāng)時(shí)還在離重陽木5米遠(yuǎn)的河邊，挖出了兩個(gè)巨大的重陽樹樹蔸。

It is reported that the Chinese bishopwood is an amphibious treewhich is alluded in the common saying "Zhemu wood can live for a thousand years, while the Chinese bishopwood can for ten thousand years". In 1985, thousands of years" worth of carbonized yinchen Chinese bishopwood, was found buried 6 meters below the riverbed here. At that time, two huge stumps (known as shudou in the local dialect) of Chinese bishopwood were also excavated by the river, 5 meters away from it.

1998年大暴雨后，在古樹根下出現(xiàn)了幾枚宋代錢幣、一對小陶俑，以及大量元明時(shí)期的陶瓷殘片，還有一塊明朝萬歷十年的刻字碑石，碑石上清晰地刻著“容邑沙城里侯家橋”等字。

After a heavy rainfall in 1998, under the roots of the ancient tree appeared several coins, a pair of small ceramic figurines of the Song Dynasty, a large number of ceramic fragments from the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and an inscribed tablet from the 10th year of Wanli period in the Ming Dynasty, with the legible writing "rong yi sha cheng li hou jia qiao (Houjia bridge in Shacheng li (ancient administrative level), Rongyi county)".

湖北省林業(yè)專家曾說，柘木長河兩岸是一個(gè)密度較高的鄉(xiāng)土古樹群落帶，在江漢平原十分罕見，對研究江漢平原與云夢古澤濕地生態(tài)環(huán)境有極大幫助。

Forestry experts in Hubei Province have said that the banks of the Zhemu River are a zone with a high concentration of native ancient tree communities, which is very rare in the Jianghan Plain and is extremely helpful for researching the ecology of the Jianghan Plain and the ancient Yunmengze wetlands.

目前，柘木鄉(xiāng)正大力搶救和保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐摹熬G色文物”，經(jīng)過走訪、摸查，掌握全鄉(xiāng)古樹名木的一手資料，并將第一批申報(bào)的24棵省級古樹張貼二維碼，辦理古樹“身份證”。

At present, Zhemu town is vigorously rescuing and protecting the local "green heritage". By gathering first-hand information of the town"s ancient and valuable trees through site visits and investigations, the first batch of 24 provincially certified ancient trees have had their QR codes posted, serving as their "ID cards".

古樹年輪刻錄辛棄疾征戰(zhàn)歷史

The History of Xin Qiji"s Campaign Inscribed on Annual Rings

“賴姓是賴橋村的大姓。”賴曉平說，在合村并組前，賴姓村民占全村人口數(shù)量的90%，“根據(jù)族譜記載，賴橋村一帶的賴姓多為南宋末年茶販起義領(lǐng)袖賴文政的后裔?！?/p>

"Lai accounts for the majority of surnames in Laiqiao village." Lai Xiaoping said that before the villages and groups were merged, the Lais accounted for 90% of the village"s population. "According to genealogical records, in the area of Laiqiao village, residents surnamed Lai are mostly descendants of Lai Wenzheng, the leader of the tea-seller uprising in the late Southern Song Dynasty."

宋代的茶葉和鹽一樣，都是政府專賣品。史料記載，南宋末年，朝廷加重贛、湘、鄂等地茶販、茶農(nóng)的茶葉賦稅，引發(fā)茶販、茶農(nóng)與朝廷對抗。

Tea, like salt, was monopolized by the government during the Song Dynasty. According to historical records, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Imperial Court increased taxes on tea purchased from tea sellers and farmers in Jiangxi, Hunan, and Hubei, triggering a confrontation between tea sellers and farmers and the Imperial Court.

生計(jì)無著之下，茶商自發(fā)組織了武裝，強(qiáng)行販賣茶葉，遇到朝廷關(guān)卡就武力硬闖。茶販出身的賴文政，于宋乾道九年（公元1173年）在湖南參加茶販起義。兩年后，他在湖北被推為起義首領(lǐng)，率眾數(shù)百人進(jìn)入潭州（今湖南長沙），并在鄂湘贛粵四地來回移動，依靠有利地形，多次以少勝多打敗朝廷軍隊(duì)，茶商軍的聲勢越來越大。

Faced with no visible means of subsistence, tea merchants voluntarily organized armed groups to smuggle tea and break through when encountered with an imperial checkpoint. Lai Wenzheng, as a tea seller, participated in the uprise in Hunan in the 9th year of Qiandao (A.D. 1173) of the Song Dynasty. Two years later, he was promoted as the leader of an uprising in Hubei Province. He led hundreds of volunteers into Tanzhou (today"s Changsha in Hunan Province) and fought in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and Guangdong. Relying on the favorable terrain, he defeated the great imperial army by a small number of risers. The tea troop was becoming stronger.

此時(shí)，朝廷之上，雷霆震怒，群臣無策。1175年，在主戰(zhàn)派的宰相葉衡舉薦下，宋孝宗命時(shí)年36歲的辛棄疾為江南西路提點(diǎn)刑獄公事，負(fù)責(zé)“節(jié)制諸軍，討捕茶寇”。

The emperor was furious and his ministers had no solution. In 1175, Emperor Xiaozong of Song Dynasty, under the recommendation of Ye Heng, the prime minister of the pro-war faction, appointed Xin Qiji, 36 years old at the time, as the Tidianxingyuguan (criminal prison officer) of Jiangnanxi Lu (an administrative level). His primary responsibilities included "controlling the armies and arresting the tea rebels".

軍人作風(fēng)的辛棄疾，走馬上任后招募敢死隊(duì)，結(jié)合熟悉江南地形的鄉(xiāng)兵，以虛虛實(shí)實(shí)的疲敵戰(zhàn)術(shù)和緊追不舍的武力壓力，率軍步步為營，圍追堵截。

After taking office, army-man Xin Qiji recruited dare-to-die squads. Together with township soldiers who were familiar with Jiangnan terrain, they encircled and intercepted the enemies using a combination of military tactics and increasing pressure by closely pursuing their enemies to tire them.

后來，賴文政率領(lǐng)的茶商軍身心疲憊不堪，茶商軍進(jìn)入廣東受挫后又返江西興國，被辛棄疾招降。臨危受命的辛棄疾，利用約三個(gè)月時(shí)間就平定了茶商軍，一戰(zhàn)成名的他，開始受到宋孝宗重用。

Later, the tea-merchant troop led by Lai Wenzheng became physically and mentally exhausted, and after their defeat in Guangdong province eventually surrendered to Xin Qiji in Xingguo county in Jiangxi. In about three months, Xin Qiji defeated the tea troop. This battle brought him great fame and elevated him to high positions at the appointment of Emperor Xiaozong.

歷史有兩種說法，一種是賴文政招降后被殺于江洲（今九江），一種說法是賴文政后逃脫，并來到今湖北監(jiān)利一帶隱居，其后裔先后輾轉(zhuǎn)如今的柘木鄉(xiāng)一帶安頓。

There are two versions of this story. One is that Lai Wenzheng was killed in Jiangzhou (today"s Jiujiang) after surrendering; the other is that Lai Wenzheng escaped and hid in the area of Jianli, Hubei, and his descendants successively settled in the area of Zhemu Town.

不過，按照時(shí)間推算，賴橋村現(xiàn)存這棵790年樹齡的雌性重陽木，與南宋時(shí)期辛棄疾征討鎮(zhèn)壓賴文政茶商軍的歷史時(shí)期相當(dāng)。

However, according to its age of 790 years, the female Chinese bischopwood in Laiqiao village coincides with the historical period when Xin Qiji conquered Lai Wenzheng"s tea troop in the Southern Song Dynasty.

“歷史的煙云仿佛刻進(jìn)古樹的年輪，傳承至今。”賴曉平說，這棵790歲的重陽木已成為監(jiān)利最古老的一級保護(hù)古樹名木，而他也自發(fā)成為古樹的守護(hù)者。

"History seems to be carved into the rings of ancient trees and passed down to the present." Lai Xiaoping said that the 790-year-old Chinese bischopwood has become the oldest famous tree under first class protection in Jianli, and he has voluntarily become its guardian.

古樹之下重新響起啰啰咚

Luoluodong Sung Again Under the Old Tree

賴曉平的本業(yè)是賴橋村的鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生，但這位村民口中的“賴醫(yī)生”卻因挖掘、整理和傳播監(jiān)利原生態(tài)秧歌號子“啰啰咚”，而被眾人知曉。

Lai Xiaoping"s originally worked as a doctor in Laiqiao village, but now "Doctor Lai" is known for searching for, sorting out and spreading the pristine yangko "Luoluodong" in Jianli.

監(jiān)利是江漢平原的農(nóng)業(yè)重鎮(zhèn)，境內(nèi)良田萬頃無垠。其中，秧田作業(yè)是水稻生產(chǎn)的重要過程，勞動強(qiáng)度大，季節(jié)性強(qiáng)。

Jianli is an important agricultural town in Jianghan plain with boundless fertile fields. Rice transplanting is an important process of rice production, and is also a laborious and highly seasonal agricultural activity.

為了不誤農(nóng)時(shí)，農(nóng)民往往要相互邀集，群體勞作。為了調(diào)劑人們的精神，消除疲勞，統(tǒng)一勞動節(jié)奏，產(chǎn)生了適合這一生產(chǎn)勞動的歌曲，這些勞動號子便成了“啰啰咚”最原始、最根本的基礎(chǔ)和雛形。

Farmers often collaborated by working in groups to avoid missing the farming season. Songs suitable for this type of work were created to lift people"s spirits, eliminate fatigue, and synchronize the rhythm of their workflow. These work songs later became the primitive prototype of Luoluodong.

“啰啰咚”的發(fā)音是監(jiān)利南部地區(qū)的方言，主要以演唱民間唱本為主，內(nèi)容樸實(shí)無華、生活氣息濃郁，表現(xiàn)的是農(nóng)民樸野而又樂天的性格，描繪出具有地域特征的民風(fēng)鄉(xiāng)俗，透著天然神韻的本色，成為平原地區(qū)“具有山歌特點(diǎn)的原生態(tài)地方民歌”。

Utilizing the pronunciations from a dialect in the southern region of Jianli, "Luoluodong"is primarily composed of folk songs with simple content and a rich flavor of life, depicting the farmers" simplicity and optimism, describing folk customs with regional characteristics, and revealing the natural charm. These songs have thus become the "pristine local songs with the characteristics of folk songs" in the plain area.

“啰啰咚”演唱場景通常在水田，它采用男女接力式的傳聲唱法，曲式結(jié)構(gòu)具有復(fù)調(diào)音樂的特色和“無伴奏自然和聲”的特點(diǎn)，俗稱“打和聲”。

"Luoluodong" is mainly sung in paddy fields. It adopts the relay singing method of men and women. Its musical structure is characterized by polyphony and "unaccompanied natural harmony", commonly known as "dahesheng" in the dialect.

因癡迷鄉(xiāng)土文化，數(shù)十年來，賴曉平以守護(hù)民間文化為己任，經(jīng)他挖掘整理的“啰啰咚”已成功申報(bào)為國家級“非遺”項(xiàng)目。

Due to his fascination with the local culture, Lai Xiaoping has taken the duty of protecting folk culture upon himself for decades. The "Luoluodong" discovered and organized by him has been successfully declared as a national "intangible cultural heritage" project.

每年插秧季節(jié)，只要一有空，賴曉平就到田里幫鄉(xiāng)親們插秧，他邊聽邊學(xué)邊記，晚上還到村里找人唱插秧號子。

During every planting season, as long as Lai Xiaoping is available, he goes to the field to help the villagers in transplanting rice, listening to and learning yangko while they work. In the evening, he also visits the villagers in search of someone willing to sing yangko.

合唱團(tuán)在重陽木古樹下做針線活（受訪者供圖）The local chorus doing needlework under the ancient tree (Photo provided by interviewee)

“他是個(gè)不務(wù)正業(yè)的人?！辟嚂云降钠拮游盒釉f，當(dāng)年，兩個(gè)孩子正在上大學(xué)，家里經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)重，但丈夫賴曉平經(jīng)常自掏腰包，將村里會唱插秧號子的老人請到家里吃飯，讓他們教年輕人演唱“啰啰咚”，“最后把我也發(fā)動進(jìn)來了，成了合唱團(tuán)的一員。”

"He runs an irrelevant business". Wei Xingyuan (Lai Xiaoping"s wife) said that their family was financially burdened at the time since their two children were in college. Her husband, however, often paid out of his own pocket to invite elderly people who could sing yangko to dinner at their home, in exchange for them teaching younger people how to sing "Luoluodong". "In the end, he convinced me to become a member of the chorus."

賴曉平的“不務(wù)正業(yè)”也遭到了村民的冷嘲熱諷，但他并沒有放在心上。在持續(xù)的收集、整理下，賴橋村的“啰啰咚”合唱團(tuán)已經(jīng)有了7名演唱者，年齡最大的陳凡珍老人今年已經(jīng)78歲。

Lai Xiaoping"s "irrelevant business" was mocked by some villagers, but he did not take it to heart. Under his continuous search and arrangement, the "Luoluodong" chorus in Laiqiao village now has seven singers, with Mr. Chen Fanzhen who is 78 years old this year, being its oldest member.

頂著經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，賴曉平還多次出資舉辦“啰啰咚”演唱會。重陽木古樹下，原汁原味的秧歌號子此起彼落，高亢、悠長的旋律仿佛從歷史時(shí)光中傾瀉而出，訴說著先民的智慧與勤勞。

Despite financial constraints, Xiaoping also funded several "Luoluodong" concerts. Under the ancient tree, the authentic yangko rises and falls, and the high-pitched and long melody seems to pour out of history, recounting the wisdom and diligence of the ancestors.

目前，為了傳承“啰啰咚”非遺項(xiàng)目，監(jiān)利市已經(jīng)在包括柘木鄉(xiāng)在內(nèi)的周邊9個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，掛牌成立“啰啰咚傳習(xí)所”，培養(yǎng)了一大批“啰啰咚”傳承人。

Jianli city has now established the "Luoluodong Training Institute" in 9 surrounding villages and towns including Zhemu village and cultivated a large number of inheritors for the "Luoluodong" intangible cultural heritage project.

重陽古木旁建起鄉(xiāng)村博物館

A Village Museum Built beside the Ancient Chinese Bishopwood

一棵古樹，一方水土，一方風(fēng)情。除了“啰啰咚”之外，與重陽木古樹相伴一輩子的賴曉平，正將自家房屋改造成私人博物館，展示和傳承監(jiān)利的鄉(xiāng)土文化。

An ancient tree, the local water and soil have shaped the folk custom. In addition to "Luoluodong", Lai, who has accompanied the ancient tree for a lifetime, is converting his house into a private museum to display and carry forward Jianli"s local culture.

監(jiān)利市境內(nèi)有大溪文化、石家河文化等新石器時(shí)代遺跡，是楚文化的重要發(fā)祥地之一。多年來，文物部門多次在監(jiān)利市白螺鎮(zhèn)獅子山及柳關(guān)等地發(fā)現(xiàn)多處新石器時(shí)代文化遺址。

Jianli city, on of the important birthplaces of Chu culture, contains some remains of the Neolithic Age such as Daxi culture and Shijiahe culture. Over the years, the cultural relics department has discovered numerous Neolithic cultural sites in Shizishan of Bailuo Town, Liuguan and other places in Jianli.

農(nóng)家博物館展示的春秋戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期的青銅幣Bronze coins of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods displayed at the museum

癡迷民間文化的賴曉平，經(jīng)過30多年節(jié)衣縮食，收集到3000多件地方文化遺存及大量民俗藏品，經(jīng)多方努力，2022年上半年，賴曉平的農(nóng)家博物館正式開放。

Obsessed with folk culture, Lai has collected more than 3,000 local cultural relics and a large number of folk collections after more than 30 years of living frugally. After the efforts of many relevant parties, Lai Xiaoping"s village museum was officially opened in the first half of 2022.

極目新聞記者走進(jìn)博物館內(nèi)看到，史前文化、古代文化、近現(xiàn)代文化及民俗文化四個(gè)展廳分別由自家房屋一樓的客房和后院偏房改造而成。

The reporter walked into the museum and noticed that the four exhibition halls of prehistoric culture, ancient culture, modern culture and folk culture were rebuilt from the guest rooms on the first floor and side rooms in their own backyard.

監(jiān)利白螺鎮(zhèn)獅子山出土的遠(yuǎn)古化石，包括三葉蟲化石、鸚鵡螺化石等一一陳列。按照時(shí)代順序，從舊石器時(shí)代的打制石器、砍砸器、刮削器等，再到新石器時(shí)代石器，包括石斧、石錛、石鉞、石鏟、石刀等一應(yīng)俱全。

Ancient fossils unearthed from Shizishan, Bailuo town in Jianli, including trilobite fossils and nautilus fossils were displayed. In chronological order, they were fully display from the chipped tools, choppers, and scrapers in the Paleolithic age, and stone axes, stone adzes, stone tomahawks, stone spades, to the stone knives of the Neolithic age.

賴曉平說，出自獅子山的這些石器、陶器，經(jīng)武漢大學(xué)和荊州博物館的考古專家鑒定，均屬典型的新石器時(shí)代遺物，為大溪文化遺存。

According to Lai, the stone tools and pottery discovered in Shizishan by archaeological experts from Wuhan University and Jingzhou Museum are typical Neolithic relics and remains of Daxi culture.

“他是一個(gè)存不住錢的人?！蔽盒釉f，30多年來，賴曉平四處收集充滿民俗文化的老物件，以至于幾乎所有的收入都用在收藏事業(yè)，“為了收藏這些‘寶貝’，總共投了30多萬元?！?/p>

"He"s a man who is incapable of saving money". Wei Xingyuan said, for more than 30 years, Lai has collected vintage items from various places full of folk culture, devoting nearly all his income to the collection. "In order to collect these ‘treasures’, he invested more than 300,000 yuan".

在重陽木古樹的見證下舉行傳統(tǒng)婚禮（受訪者供圖）The ancient tree witnesses a traditional Chinese wedding ceremony (Photo provided by interviewee)

在民俗文化展廳，極目新聞記者看到，晚清雕花婚床保存完好，民俗文化特色濃厚，原配的繡花枕頭、花鋪巾、被套、繡花鞋等一應(yīng)俱全，為地方古老婚俗留下了珍貴資料。

In the folk culture exhibition hall, the reporter observed that a carved wedding bed from the late Qing Dynasty was well preserved with a strong folk culture characteristic. The original embroidered pillow, drapes, quilt covers, and shoes were still intact, leaving precious materials about the local ancient wedding customs.

“很有時(shí)代印記，值得展示的歷史?！鼻皝韰⒂^的沙市女孩毛沐陽還換上傳統(tǒng)服飾，坐在婚床上拍攝“穿越歷史”的影像。

"It is a mark of the times and a history worth showing", said Mao Muyang, a girl from Shashi, who was dressed in traditional clothes and sat on the wedding bed to take videos of "time-travel".

而值得一提的是，一套從清朝嘉慶元年到1948年，湖北地方政府向農(nóng)民征收田地賦稅的400多份票據(jù)，是賴曉平從事收藏工作30多年的“得意之作”。有文史專家曾評價(jià)稱：全套票據(jù)是湖北近現(xiàn)代財(cái)政稅收的重要史料。

It"s worth mentioning that a set of over 400 farmland taxes bills levied by the the local government of Hubei province from the first year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty to 1948, is Lai Xiaoping"s "proudest feat" from his 30 years collection. A literature and history expert commented that the full set of bills was an important historical record of Hubei"s modern financial tax.

賴曉平在他的私人博物館觀察藏品Lai Xiaoping observing the collections in his private museum

“讓更多的人了解監(jiān)利的鄉(xiāng)土文化?！辟嚂云秸f，開辦農(nóng)家博物館的初衷，就是為了向公眾展示幾十年來的收集、收藏成果，展示地方人文歷史是他多年夙愿。

"Let more people know about the local culture of Jianli". Lai Xiaoping said, the original aim of opening the rural museum was to show the results of decades of collection efforts and the local history to the public, and it is still his long-cherished wish.

“把濃郁厚重的鄉(xiāng)土文化傳承下去，讓人們記住鄉(xiāng)愁。”監(jiān)利市柘木鄉(xiāng)宣傳委員趙航說，目前，在實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略過程中，柘木鄉(xiāng)正結(jié)合賴橋村的重陽木古樹、“啰啰咚”非遺項(xiàng)目，以及農(nóng)家博物館等載體，打造鄉(xiāng)村旅游線路，助推鄉(xiāng)村文化振興、產(chǎn)業(yè)振興。

"We will pass on the rich and strong local culture and let people relive nostalgic memories", said Zhao Hang, the publicity committee member of Zhemu town, Jianli City. Now, in the process of implementing the rural revitalization strategy, facilitated by the ancient Chinese bishopwood, the intangible cultural heritage project "Luoluodong" and the rural museum, Zhemu town is designing rural tourism routes to boost the revitalization of rural culture and industry.

關(guān)鍵詞： 新聞記者 新石器時(shí)代